linux下搭建SVN服务器完全手册-很强大！！！！！

系统环境

        RHEL5.4最小化安装(关iptables,关selinux) + ssh + yum

一，安装必须的软件包.

        yum install subversion (svn服务器)

                    mysql-server (用于codestriker)

                    httpd mod_dav_svn mod_perl (用于支持WEB方式管理SVN服务器)

                    sendmail (用于配置用户提交代码后发邮件提醒)

                    wget gcc-c++ make unzip perl* (必备软件包)

                    ntsysv vim-enhanced (可选)

二，基本的SVN服务器配置

        1，新建一个目录用于存储SVN所有文件

                # mkdir /home/svn

        2，新建一个版本仓库

                # svnadmin create /home/svn/project

        3，初始化版本仓库中的目录

                # mkdir project project/server project/client project/test (建立临时目录)

                # svn import project/ file:///home/svn/project -m "初始化SVN目录"

                # rm -rf project (删除临时建立的目录)

        4，添加用户

                要添加SVN用户非常简单，只需在/home/svn/project/conf/passwd文件添加一个形如“username=password"的条目就可以了.为了测试，我添加了如下内容:

                [users]

                # harry = harryssecret

                # sally = sallyssecret

                pm = pm_pw

                server_group = server_pw

                client_group = client_pw

                test_group = test_pw

        5，修改用户访问策略

                /home/svn/project/conf/authz记录用户的访问策略，以下是参考:

                        [groups]

                        project_p = pm

                        project_s = server_group

                        project_c = client_group

                        project_t = test_group

                        [project:/]

                        @project_p = rw

                        * =

                        [project:/server]

                        @project_p = rw

                        @project_s = rw

                        * =

                        [project:/client]

                        @project_p = rw

                        @project_c = rw

                        * =

                        [project:/doc]

                        @project_p = rw

                        @project_s = rw

                        @project_c = rw

                        @project_t = rw

                        * =

                以上信息表示，只有pm有根目录的读写权，server_group能访问server目录，client_group能访问client目录，所有人都可以访问doc目录.

        6，修改svnserve.conf文件,让用户和策略配置升效.

                svnserve.conf内容如下:

                        [general]

                        anon-access = none

                        auth-access = write

                        password-db = /home/svn/project/conf/passwd

                        authz-db = /home/svn/project/conf/authz

        7，启动服务器

                # svnserve -d -r /home/svn

        8，测试服务器

                # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project

                Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d

                Password for 'root':

                Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d

                Username: server_group

                Password for 'server_group':

                svn: Authorization failed ( server_group没用根目录的访问权 )

                # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project

                Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d

                Password for 'root':

                Authentication realm: <svn://192.168.60.10:3690> 92731041-2dae-4c23-97fd-9e1ed7f0d18d

                Username: pm

                Password for 'pm':

                A    project/test

                A    project/server

                A    project/client

                Checked out revision 1.  ( 测试提取成功 )

                # cd project/server

                # vim main.c

                # svn add main.c

                # svn commit main.c -m "测试一下我的C程序,看什么看,不行啊??"

                Adding         main.c

                Transmitting file data .

                Committed revision 2.  ( 测试提交成功 )

三，配置SVN服务器的HTTP支持

        1，转换SVN服务器的密码

                由于SVN服务器的密码是明文的，HTTP服务器不与支持，所以需要转换成HTTP支持的格式。我写了一个Perl脚本完成这个工作.

                脚本内容如下:

                # cd /home/svn/project/conf/

                # cat PtoWP.pl

                #!/usr/bin/perl

                # write by huabo, 2009-11-20

                use warnings;

                use strict;

                #open the svn passwd file

                open (FILE, "passwd") or die ("Cannot open the passwd file!!!\n");

                #clear the apache passwd file

                open (OUT_FILE, ">webpasswd") or die ("Cannot open the webpasswd file!!!\n");

                close (OUT_FILE);

                #begin

                foreach (<FILE>) {

                    if($_ =~ m/^[^#].*=/) {

                        $_ =~ s/=//;

                        `htpasswd -b webpasswd $_`;

                    }

                }

                # ./PtoWP.pl ( 先给该脚本加可执行权限，然后执行以转换密码 )

                Adding password for user pm

                Adding password for user server_group

                Adding password for user client_group

                Adding password for user test_group

                现在目录下会多一个webpasswd文件。

        2，修改httpd.conf，添加关于SVN服务器的内容

                编辑/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf，在最后添加如下信息:

                <Location /project>

                    DAV svn

                    SVNPath /home/svn/project/

                    AuthType Basic

                    AuthName "svn for project"

                    AuthUserFile /home/svn/project/conf/webpasswd

                    AuthzSVNAccessFile /home/svn/project/conf/authz

                    Satisfy all

                    Require valid-user

                </Location>

        3，启动HTTPD服务器

                # service httpd restart

                Stopping httpd:                                            [FAILED]

                Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]

        4，用浏览器访问http://192.168.60.10/project/server/测试

                测试结果如下图所示：

                ( 测试成功 )

四，配置邮件提醒支持

        1，安装Perl模块Module::Build

                # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/Module-Build-0.36_11.tar.gz

                # tar xvf Module-Build-0.36_11.tar.gz

                # cd Module-Build-0.36_11

                # perl Build.PL

                # ./Build

                # ./Build test

                # ./Build install

                # cd ..

        2，安装Perl模块Authen::SASL

                # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBARR/Authen-SASL-2.15.tar.gz

                # tar xvf Authen-SASL-2.15.tar.gz

                # cd Authen-SASL-2.15

                # perl Makefile.PL

                # make test

                # make install

                # cd ..

        3，安装Perl模块Net::SMTP_auth

                # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/A/AP/APLEINER/Net-SMTP_auth-0.08.tar.gz

                # tar xvf Net-SMTP_auth-0.08.tar.gz

                # cd Net-SMTP_auth-0.08

                # perl Makefile.PL

                # make test

                # make install

                # cd ..

        4，安装Perl模块SVN::Notify

                # wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DW/DWHEELER/SVN-Notify-2.80.tar.gz

                # tar xvf SVN-Notify-2.80.tar.gz

                # cd SVN-Notify-2.80

                # perl Build.PL

                # ./Build

                # ./Build test

                # ./Build install

                # cd ..

        5，启动邮件服务器

                # service sendmail restart

                Shutting down sendmail:                                    [FAILED]

                Starting sendmail:                                         [  OK  ]

                Starting sm-client:                                        [  OK  ]

        6，配置自动发邮件脚本

                修改post-commit脚本,以支持邮件通知功能.

                # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/

                # vim post-commit

                内容如下:

                #!/bin/sh

                REPOS="$1"

                REV="$2"

                /usr/bin/svnnotify --repos-path "$1" --revision "$2" --to caodaijun@pica.com --from caodaijun@feinno.com --handler "HTML::ColorDiff"  --with-diff --smtp localhost --smtp-user root --smtp-pass 5201314318 -c "UTF-8" -g zh_CN -o raw --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook --subject-prefix '[SVN Update]'

                (to参数代表接收邮件的地址，可以有多个，当你有多个老大的时候，这就很重要了，：）。from参数是虚拟的，代表你的发送地址，一般情况下，这个参数 不重要，但如果接收者的邮件服务器有反垃圾邮件的功能，需要判定源地址的话，这个参数是否合法就显得很重要了)

                再给该脚本添加可执行权限

                # chmod +x post-commit

        7，再次提交时，就会给指定邮件地址发信了。

                如下图所示:

五，其它常用配置

        1，强制写log脚本

                配置pre-commit文件，要求用户每次更新文件都必须写log.

                # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/

                # vim pre-commit

                文件内容如下:

                #!/bin/sh

                REPOS="$1"

                TXN="$2"

                SVNLOOK=/usr/bin/svnlook

                LOGMSG=`$SVNLOOK log -t "$TXN" "$REPOS" | grep "[a-zA-Z0-9]" | wc -c`

                if [ "$LOGMSG" -lt 5(要求的log长度，依实际需要修改) ];

                then

                 echo -e "\nEmpty log message not allowed. Commit aborted!" 1>&2

                 exit 1

                fi

                配置完成后，给本件加上可执行权限。再提交代码时，就必须按要求写注释了，：）

        2，可修改log脚本

                配置pre-revprop-change文件，此文件在show log中修改log时会运行，得到修改的权限，否则会报错:DAV request failed; it's possible that the repository's pre-revprop-change hook either failed or is non-existent. At least one property change failed; repository is unchanged

                # cd /home/svn/project/hooks/

                # vim pre-revprop-change

                文件内容如下:

                REPOS="$1"

                REV="$2"

                USER="$3"

                PROPNAME="$4"

                if ["$PROPNAME" = "svn:log"];then exit 0;fi

                exit 1

                配置完后加可执行权限升效。

六，备份管理

        svn服务器的定期备份是很重要的，最简单的方式是定时备份仓库目录。

        1，新建备份目录

                # mkdir /opt/project_backup

        2，编写备份脚本

                # cd /home/svn/

                # vim project_backup.sh

                内容如下:

                #!/bin/bash

                #write by huabo, 2009-11-20

                cd /home/svn

                now=`/bin/date +%Y%m%d`

                /bin/tar czvf "project_backup_$now.tar.gz" project/ && rm -rf /opt/project_backup/* && /bin/mv project_backup_*.tar.gz /opt/project_backup/

                if [ $? == 0 ]

                then

                    result="OK!!"

                else

                    result="False!!"

                fi

                #send mail to administrator

                /bin/mail caodaijun@pica.com -s "project_backup_$now" <<MESSAGE

                Result: `/bin/echo $result`

                MESSAGE

                给该脚本添加可执行权限。

        3，设定每天定时执行该脚本.

                # crontab -e

                输入如下内容:

                0 23 * * * /home/svn/project_backup.sh

                表示每天晚上23点运行此脚本。

        经过以上三步操作，就可以自动备份SVN资料了，且不论备份是否成功，都会给用户发送邮件信息。

七，用svnstat分析SVN数据.

        1，安装JAVA

        svnstat是JAVA应用程序，需要先安装JAVA环境。

        下载jre，URL: http://javadl.sun.com/webapps/download/AutoDL?BundleId=39484

        安装:

                # chmod +x jre-6u20-linux-i586-rpm.bin

                # ./jre-6u20-linux-i586-rpm.bin

        2，下载svnstat

                # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/svnstat/svnstat/Release-1.0/SvnStat-1.0.zip?use_mirror=jaist

                # unzip SvnStat-1.0.zip

        3，更新代码

                # pwd

                /root

                # svn co svn://192.168.60.10/project

                A    project/test

                A    project/server

                A    project/server/main.c

                A    project/client

                Checked out revision 5.

        4，生成svnstat数据

                # svn log project -v --xml --non-interactive > project.log

                # cd SvnStat-1.0

                # java -classpath SvnStat-all.jar de.agentlab.svnstat.SvnStat -jar SvnStat-all.jar -r /root/project.log -d /var/www/html/

        5，用浏览器登录即可看到许多统计出来的图表。大致如下图所示：

(俺的测试代码很少，生成的图不成样子，拿官方的图来充当一下，：）)

八，用statsvn分析SVN数据

        1，下载statsvn

                # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/statsvn/statsvn/0.7.0/statsvn-0.7.0.zip?use_mirror=jaist

                # unzip statsvn-0.7.0.zip

                # cd statsvn-0.7.0

        2，生成statsvn数据

                # mkdir /var/www/html/statsvn

                # java -jar statsvn.jar -verbose -output-dir /var/www/html/statsvn/ /root/project.log /root/project

        3，用浏览器测测试效果如下图：

九，配置codestriker.

        1.安装codestriker依赖的perl包.

                # perl -MCPAN -e 'install "Template"'

        2.下载codestriker

                # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/codestriker/codestriker/1.9.10/codestriker-1.9.10.tar.gz?use_mirror=jaist&ts=1279246587

                # mkdir /var/www/codestriker

                # cd /var/www/codestriker

                # tar xvf /path/codestriker-1.9.10.tar.gz

                # chown -R apache.apache codestriker-1.9.10

        3.配置数据库

                # service mysqld restart

                # mysql -uroot mysql

                    执行:

                        CREATE DATABASE codestrikerdb CHARACTER SET utf8;

                        GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,INDEX,ALTER,CREATE,DROP,REFERENCES ON codestrikerdb.* TO codestriker@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'cspasswd';

                        FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

                        quit

        4.配置codestriker

                # cd codestriker-1.9.10/

                # vim codestriker.conf

                    注意以下几点(详细可查看codestriker的安装文档)

                    a.数据库的用户名密码要配对

                    b.svn的数据仓库要配对，我的如下：

                         @valid_repositories =

                             (

                              'svn:file:///home/svn/project',

                             )

        5.执行codestriker的安装脚本

                # cd bin/

                # ./install.pl

        6.配置http支持

                # vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

                    在最后面加上如下内容:

                        Alias /codestriker/  /var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/cgi-bin/

                        Alias /codestrikerhtml/  /var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/html/

                        <Directory "/var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/cgi-bin/">

                           SetHandler perl-script

                           PerlHandler ModPerl::Registry

                           Options +ExecCGI

                        </Directory>

                        <Directory "/var/www/codestriker/codestriker-1.9.10/html/">

                           AllowOverride None

                           Allow from all

                        </Directory>

        7.重启HTTP服务器

                # service httpd restart

        8.在浏览器中输入http://192.168.60.10/codestriker/codestriker.pl即可访问，如下图：

十，总结

                总结个CC。

海报图正在生成中...

竖版 宽版